Dyslipidemia and some related factors among Vietnamese adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis from 2010 to 2023

Abstract

Background: Dyslipidemia, caused by abnormalities blood lipid profiles including increased total cholesterol, increased triglycerides, increased LDL-C, and decreased HDL-C, has posed significant health risks including cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and other pathologies for people over the world, Vietnam included. The main purpose of the systematic review and meta-analysis was to estimate the prevalence of dyslipidemia and describe some factors related to dyslipidemia among Vietnamese adults from 2010 to 2023. Method: We searched relevant articles by key terms such as dyslipidemia, blood lipid, cholesterol, LDL, HDL, triglyceride. Included studies were extracted from Pubmed/ Medline, Web of Science, Embase, CINANL, and 27 journals in Vietnam between January 1st 2010, to August 3rd 2023. For meta-analysis, we performed forest plot using random effect model with R 4.4.1 and Stata 17.0. Findings: 105 articles were included in systematic review and 67 studies were included in meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of dyslipidemia was 68% (95%CI: 60% - 76%), high total cholesterol was 34% (95%CI: 29% - 40%), high triglycerides was 39% (95%CI: 32% - 46%), low HDL-C was 26% (95%CI: 20% - 35%), and high LDL-C was 26% (95%CI: 20% - 35%). Moreover, having diabetes (OR=2.47, 95%CI: 1.72 – 3.55), overweight/ obesity (OR= 2.46, 95%CI: 2.03 – 2.98), large WC (OR=3.47, 95%CI: 2.39 – 5.05), low physical activity (OR=2.20, 95%CI: 1.41 – 3.45), and low vegetables consumption (OR=3.64, 95%CI: 1.53, 8.07) were significantly positively associated with dyslipidemia. Conclusion: The prevalence of dyslipidemia and subtypes is relatively high among Vietnamese adults, particularly with elevated triglycerides.